National environmental protection strategy to 2030, vision to 2050
I. Viewpoints, vision and goals
1. Viewpoints
a) Environment is a condition, foundation and prerequisite for sustainable socio-economic development; environmental protection is both a goal and a task, which should be placed at the center of development decisions; Economic development must be in harmony with nature, respect the laws of nature and not trade off the environment for economic growth.
b) Environmental protection is the responsibility of the whole political system and society as a whole, in which local authorities, businesses, communities and people play an important role; Environmental protection must be based on close, synchronous and unified coordination between all levels and sectors, taking advantage of opportunities of international integration and cooperation.
c) Environmental protection must take the protection of people's health as the top goal. Prioritize proactively preventing and controlling pollution, focusing on solving key and urgent environmental issues; overcoming pollution, degradation, improving environmental quality, combined with nature conservation and biodiversity, contributing to climate change response.
d) Environmental protection must be based on institutional quality improvement and effective and efficient law enforcement; strengthen accountability, openness, transparency and community oversight; promote administrative procedure reform, innovation and application of the results of the fourth industrial revolution and digital transformation; promote integrated management, ecosystem-based, inter-regional, inter-sectoral approach, develop circular economy, green economy, low carbon.
Investment in environmental protection is investment in sustainable development; increasing the mobilization of resources in the society in combination with increasing budget expenditure; effective application of the principle that polluters must pay treatment costs and compensation, beneficiaries of environmental values must pay; continue to promote the participation of businesses, organizations, communities and people in environmental protection.
2. Vision to 2050
Vietnam's environment is of good quality, ensuring the people's right to live in a clean and safe environment; biodiversity is preserved, conserved, and ecological balance is ensured; proactively respond to climate change; A society in harmony with nature, a circular economy, a green and low-carbon economy is formed and developed, towards the goal of being carbon neutral by 2050.
3. Goals to 2030
a) Overall goal
Prevent the trend of increasing pollution and environmental degradation; solve urgent environmental problems; step by step improve and restore environmental quality; prevent the loss of biodiversity; contribute to improving capacity to actively respond to climate change; ensuring environmental security, building and developing models of circular economy, green economy, low carbon, striving to achieve the country's 2030 sustainable development goals.
b) Specific goals
- The adverse effects causing environmental pollution, degradation, and environmental incidents are proactively prevented and controlled;
- Key and urgent environmental issues are basically solved, environmental quality is gradually improved and restored;
- Strengthening the protection of natural heritages, restoring ecosystems; prevent the trend of biodiversity loss;
- Contribute to improving capacity to adapt to climate change and promote mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions.
Specific targets and implementation roadmap for monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the Strategy are summarized in Appendix I.
II. Strategy
1. Actively prevent, control and prevent adverse impacts on the environment and environmental incidents
a) Economic development in the direction of ecology, circularity, green growth, promoting sustainable production and consumption
- Continue to accelerate the transformation to a growth model based on increased productivity, scientific and technological progress, innovation, and efficient use of resources, towards achieving the dual goal of economic growth while reducing pollution and environmental degradation.
- Actively and strictly control the industrialization process in an environmentally friendly direction. Greening industrial production industries and promoting the development of green industries, high-tech industries and ecological industrial parks. Encourage the use of environmentally friendly materials, fuels and materials.
- Promote the development of ecological agriculture, high-tech agriculture, and organic agriculture; increasing reuse of agricultural by-products; limit the use of inorganic fertilizers, chemical pesticides and antibiotics in cultivation, animal husbandry and aquaculture.
- To carry out sustainable urbanization, to develop urban areas in association with the development of technical infrastructure for environmental protection; focus on developing green spaces, green buildings, ecological cities, smart cities, and climate change resilience.
- To step up the implementation of environmental protection contents in the National Target Program on new rural construction; control pollution, develop models of residential areas, roads... models, build green - clean - beautiful environmental landscapes; maintain and improve the quality of the rural environment.
- Integrate and implement circular economy and green economic models in socio-economic development strategies, master plans, plans, programs, schemes and projects. Implement the National Action Program on sustainable production and consumption for the period 2021 - 2030 according to Decision No. 889/QD-TTg dated June 24, 2020 of the Prime Minister.
b) Implement environmental zoning, improve the efficiency of strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment, management based on environmental permits
- Implement environmental zoning with appropriate orientations for socio-economic development activities; establish mechanisms to control and prevent development activities that cause harm to the environment in each region, paying special attention to strictly protected areas and restricted emission zones.
- Review and finalize regulations, continue to improve the effectiveness of strategic environmental assessment in order to minimize development orientations that are harmful to the environment in strategies and master plans.
- Streaming new investment projects according to the level of impact on the environment right from the approval of the investment policy to control throughout the operation life cycle; special attention is paid to project groups with high risk of adverse environmental impacts.
- Control environmental pollution from production, business and service establishments through environmental permits based on the results of environmental impact assessment, environmental protection planning, environmental load capacity and environmental technical regulations.
c) Actively control establishments with high risk of causing environmental pollution; prevent adverse effects on the environment
- Classification of production, business and service establishments according to the level of risk of causing environmental pollution; focus on strictly controlling groups of establishments with high risk of causing environmental pollution and large discharge volumes. Implement the roadmap to apply the best available technology (BAT) to the types of production, business and services that are at risk of causing environmental pollution.
- Develop and implement according to the roadmap solutions to ensure an environmental safety distance for residential areas from production, business, service establishments, warehouses containing flammable and explosive substances, radioactive, toxic, potentially harmful to human health, polluting water sources.
- Strictly control persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and persistent hazardous substances (PTS).
- Completely handle establishments causing serious environmental pollution.
d) Actively prevent and respond to environmental incidents, control transboundary environmental problems
- Making and implementing plans to respond to environmental incidents at all levels and at establishments at risk of environmental incidents; focus on organizing training and rehearsals to respond to environmental incidents.
- Implement the 4 on-the-spot motto (on-the-spot command, on-site forces, on-site vehicles and materials, on-the-spot logistics), unify, closely coordinate, publicize information and mobilize participation of community involving in responding to environmental incidents.
- Actively proactively prevent and respond to marine and island environmental incidents, toxic chemical incidents, oil spills at sea and in rivers; strengthen the management of chemical, radioactive and nuclear safety.
- Strengthening measures to prevent illegal import of waste in the form of scrap, import of old and outdated technologies, consuming a lot of raw materials, materials and energy, causing environmental pollution.
- Observe, monitor, proactively prevent and respond to incidents of air pollution, sea water environment, international rivers, radiation and nuclear safety incidents and related diseases, environmental concerns from transboundary sources.
2. Solve key and urgent environmental issues; overcome environmental pollution and degradation; maintain and improve the quality and hygiene of the environment
a) Strengthen pollution control, maintain and improve air quality in urban areas
- Formulate and implement air quality management plans at national and provincial levels, paying special attention to big cities and hot spots for air pollution.
- To step up the development of automatic air monitoring stations system in big cities; regularly warn and publicize information on air quality in special urban centers and urban centers of grade I.
- Accelerate the construction of public transport systems, mass passenger transport (MRT), limit the increase of private means of transport in big cities. Strengthen construction, expand the area of parks and trees, reduce noise pollution in urban areas and residential areas.
- Strengthening emission control for motor vehicles, reviewing, completing and promulgating a roadmap for application of national technical regulations and standards on emissions of road motor vehicles; gradually raise fuel consumption standards.
- Promote the use of non-motorized, environmentally friendly means of transport (bicycles, electric vehicles, vehicles using clean fuels, renewable energy); formulating and implementing a roadmap for converting and eliminating fossil fuel-using means of transport, and means of transport that cause environmental pollution.
- Controlling and preventing violations in management, perfecting standards to improve petrol and oil quality, focusing on diesel standards; develop and widely apply biofuels, clean and environmentally friendly fuels.
- Control and prevent dust pollution from urban construction works; control the burning of crop residues in the fields in peri-urban areas.
- Develop a roadmap, towards eliminating the use of coal stoves in daily life in urban areas. Develop and apply regulations and standards on indoor air environment protection.
- Strengthening control of industrial facilities with large emissions sources such as thermal power, cement, steel, chemicals...; encouraging the application of clean technology, economical and efficient use of raw materials, fuel and energy.
b) Strengthening solid waste and hazardous waste management
- Promote the development and application of circular economy models throughout the product life cycle from design, production, distribution, consumption to waste management; develop and implement an action plan on the circular economy.
- Focus on investing in domestic solid waste management in special urban areas and grade-I cities. Implement classification at source and collect fees according to the amount of solid waste generated to promote reduction and recycling.
- Enhance the reduction, collection, reuse and recycling of solid waste through the development and application of sharing economy models, digital business, and rental services.
- Increase investment, modernize collection equipment and system of transfer stations in urban areas, expand the network of solid waste collection services in rural areas.
- Organize the effective and efficient implementation of regulations on the responsibility of manufacturers and importers in product recall and recycling (EPR).
- Promote strong development of recycling industry, form recycling industrial parks; encouraging investment and building recycling facilities with modern technology; gradually limit small-scale, manual recycling establishments that cause environmental pollution in craft villages.
- Establish a network of concentrated solid waste treatment facilities in the direction of inter-regional, inter-provincial with appropriate technology for each region and region. Promote the application of modern, environmentally friendly technologies, co-processing, treatment combined with energy recovery; make an environmental protection deposit for waste burial, step by step limit the direct burial of daily-life solid waste.
- Enhance the reduction, reuse, recycling, collection and treatment of plastic waste. From after 2025, do not circulate and use single-use plastic products, non-biodegradable plastic packaging in commercial centers, supermarkets, hotels and tourist areas; after 2030, stop the production and import of single-use plastic products, non-biodegradable plastic packaging and products and goods containing microplastics; promote the development of environmentally friendly products and materials to replace. Effectively implement the Project on strengthening the management of plastic waste in Vietnam according to Decision No. 1316/QD-TTg dated July 22, 2021 of the Prime Minister.
- Increase the reuse and recycling of construction solid waste and common industrial solid wastes to meet environmental regulations and technical requirements; reduce post-harvest losses in agriculture, reduce, reuse and recycle food waste.
- Continue to promote hazardous waste management in industrial, agricultural and medical production; effectively prevent illegal dumping of hazardous waste. To step by step classify, collect and treat hazardous waste in daily-life solid waste; focus on e-waste management.
c) Strengthen wastewater treatment, step up control, management and protection of water environment and river basins
- Develop and implement a plan for surface water quality management for rivers and lakes; focus on environmental protection of river basins, especially the basins of Nhue - Day, Cau, Ma, Vu Gia - Thu Bon and Dong Nai rivers.
- To increase investment in domestic wastewater collection and treatment systems in combination with renovating and restoring lakes, ponds and canals in big cities. Implement projects on wastewater treatment, restoration of severely polluted river sections, canals and canals such as To Lich, Set... (Hanoi), Tan Hoa - Lo Gom, Tau Hu canals - Ben Nghe, Xuyen Tam canal... (Ho Chi Minh City), etc.
- To step up the treatment of wastewater from agricultural production activities and craft villages. Deploying the application of decentralized wastewater treatment models for areas where there are no conditions for collection; promote reuse of wastewater and sludge. Carry out satisfactory wastewater treatment in all industrial zones, clusters, industrial facilities, and hospitals.
- Assessment of load capacity, zoning and discharge quotas for wastewater into the surface water environment; take measures to minimize polluting sources, restore the environment of rivers and lakes. Invest in the construction of flow regulation works to contribute to reducing water pollution.
- Investigate and evaluate the overall quality of underground water sources, identify severely polluted areas; develop and implement solutions to protect and improve the quality of underground water sources.
d) Treating environmental pollution in craft villages, restoring areas contaminated with residual chemicals, protecting the land environment.
- Integrating environmental protection of craft villages into the national target program on new rural construction and regional and provincial planning; implement mechanisms and policies to encourage and support the environmental protection of craft villages.
- Formulate and implement plans, organize self-management and build infrastructure for environmental protection in craft villages. Strengthening control over environmental protection activities of production establishments and households in craft villages.
- To step by step transform industries and trades in the type of production that are at risk of causing environmental pollution, fire and explosion incidents, using outdated technological lines, machinery and equipment; relocate, change industries, production establishments and households in industries and trades not encouraged for development.
- To step up the treatment, improvement and restoration of the soil environment in polluted areas, chemical and pesticide storage sites, closed or relocated solid waste landfills. Complete treatment of dioxin contaminated areas due to war at Bien Hoa (Dong Nai), Phu Cat (Binh Dinh), A So (Thua Thien Hue); handling landmines in heavily polluted areas.
- Investigate, evaluate, classify and monitor changes in soil environment quality; formulating and implementing plans to treat, renovate and restore areas with particularly serious soil environment pollution.
d) Strengthening control of marine and island environmental pollution
- Control and prevent pollution in coastal areas; invest, strengthen infrastructure and equipment, collect and treat hazardous waste, wastewater and daily-life solid waste up to environmental standards in coastal localities.
- Actively prevent, reduce and effectively handle pollution sources from mining, oil and gas, transportation and fishing activities at sea; identify areas at risk of marine and island environmental pollution, strictly control dumping activities at sea. Formulate and implement projects on protection and conservation of marine ecosystems in association with assurance of national defense and security.
- Continue to implement the Implementation Plan of Annexes III, IV, V, VI of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution Caused by Ships under Decision No. 795/QD-TTg dated May 11, 2016 of the Prime Minister.
- Implement the National Action Plan on ocean plastic waste management to 2030 according to Decision No. 1746/QD-TTg dated December 4, 2019 of the Prime Minister.
- Develop and apply closed models of collection, classification, reuse and treatment of wastewater, domestic solid waste and hazardous waste in islands, especially in large islands such as Phu Quoc, Con Dao, Cat Ba...
e) Continue to provide clean water, ensure environmental sanitation and prevent environmental factors harmful to human health.
- Implement measures to ensure water security, especially for domestic water sources; research, control and prevent water pollution from microplastics and microorganisms.
- Continue to expand the scope of clean water supply services, minimize water loss in urban areas; increase investment in building clean water supply systems according to the standards of the Ministry of Health for people in rural areas.
- Strengthen the implementation of contents and solutions on environmental sanitation in the National Target Program on building new rural areas; continue to build and implement a civilized lifestyle, abolish customs and encourage cremation among the people.
- Proactively prevent, respond to and protect public health against diseases caused by environmental factors. Identify, warn and handle emission sources of pollutants harmful to human health such as PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyl), dioxins, asbestos..., then stop using them, constructing materials pose a risk of adverse effects on human health and the environment.
3. Conserve nature and biodiversity, promote environmental protection in the exploitation and use of resources
a) Environmental protection of natural heritages, expansion of the system of conservation zones and biodiversity corridors;
- Establishing, recognizing, managing and protecting the environment for natural heritages. Carry out impact assessment of socio-economic development activities on natural heritage in strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment. Develop and implement a biodiversity compensation mechanism, especially for forest and wetland ecosystems.
- Promote the establishment of new nature reserves; encourage organizations, businesses, communities and individuals to invest in, establish, manage, use and sustainably develop natural heritage sites and voluntary biodiversity conservation areas.
- Effectively manage nature reserves, harmoniously combining conservation and development. Promote biodiversity assessment; continue to expand the application of payment for ecosystem services to natural ecosystems, especially forests, wetlands, sea, rocky mountains, caves and geoparks.
- Establish and sustainably manage biodiversity corridors connecting habitats where endangered and rare species are prioritized for protection.
b) Protect and restore ecosystems
- Integrate content of protection and restoration of natural ecosystems into development policies, strategies, master plans, programs and plans. Promote the deployment of models of conservation and sustainable use of ecosystems; focus on conservation and development of urban biodiversity.
- Develop and implement programs and plans for restoration and sustainable use of degraded natural ecosystems, especially mangrove forests, coral reefs, seagrass beds and important wetlands; implement resilience-based management of coral reefs.
- Strictly manage, protect and restore natural forests; continue to stop logging from natural forests. Effectively prevent illegal exploitation of plants and animals and illegal deforestation. Strengthen capacity to prevent and fight forest fires, reduce the number of cases and forest area burned.
- Promote the connection between conservation and development, continue to allocate forests to households and communities; promote sustainable forest management. Develop a mechanism to combine the exploitation of economic values of the forest to contribute to poverty reduction, socio-economic development, experiment with the policy of planting medicinal herbs under the forest canopy.
- Organize the implementation of programs and projects of the Vietnam Forestry Development Strategy for the period of 2021 - 2030, with a vision to 2050 approved in Decision No. 523/QD-TTg dated April 1, 2021 of the Prime Minister.
c) Prevent the decline of species and genetic resources, ensure biosecurity
- Continue to develop and implement conservation programs for endangered and rare wild animals, plants and animals prioritized for protection. Develop a system of shifting conservation facilities, animal rescue centers, zoological gardens, botanical gardens, and medicinal plant gardens.
- To strengthen the prevention of illegal exploitation, hunting, fishing and trade in wild and rare animals and plants; strictly control the breeding of wild animals. Periodically update the list of endangered rare and precious species prioritized for protection.
- Promote conservation of rare, endemic and endangered genetic resources. Promote access to genetic resources and benefit sharing; develop and market products from genetic resources in accordance with international treaties. Strengthen the registration of ownership of traditional knowledge on genetic resources; building a database on genetic resources, developing a gene bank system.
- Strengthen control, prevent the introduction, development and minimize the impact of invasive alien species. Continue to control risks from genetically modified organisms, focusing on the management of import, licensing and breeding of genetically modified organisms, especially for food crops such as corn and soybean.
d) Strengthening environmental protection in exploitation and use of natural resources; protect and develop natural capital
- Implement technical solutions in agricultural production to protect and improve soil fertility; focus on preventing and fighting erosion, desertification, desertification, land degradation, saltwater intrusion, riverbank and coastal erosion, especially in the coastal areas of the South Central Coast and the Mekong Delta.
- Strengthening integrated management of water resources by river basin in association with biodiversity conservation, aquatic ecosystems, protection, exploitation and use of water resources. Strongly promote economical and efficient use of water resources in production and daily life.
- Control and prevent pollution, environmental degradation, environmental incidents in mining and mineral processing; control toxic mineral areas. Effectively and efficiently implement regulations on deposit for environmental restoration; take advantage of the post-mining recovery environment for socio-economic development purposes.
- Continue to control, prevent and eliminate destructive forms of fishing and fishing. Promote the implementation of co-management, apply ecological certificates, develop models of aquaculture combined with sustainable farming.
- Promote investment in protection and development of natural capital sources. Integrate requirements on environmental protection and biodiversity conservation in plannings on exploitation and use of natural resources; strictly control the conversion of forest land, water surface and sea surface.
4. Proactively protect the environment to contribute to improving capacity to adapt to climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions
a) Strengthen environmental protection to reduce vulnerability and improve resilience to climate change
- Develop a set of criteria and evaluate the sensitivity and resilience of the natural environment system to the impact of climate change. Research, forecast and assess climate change risks in environmental impact assessment for investment projects.
- Conduct assessment of impacts, losses and damages caused by climate change on the environment, biodiversity and ecosystems on the basis of climate change scenarios and socio-economic development .
- Summarize, develop and replicate solutions and models for adaptation to climate change based on ecosystems (EbA), solutions based on nature (NbS), biodiversity conservation, environmental restoration... suitable for regions, regions and localities.
- To continue planting, zoning, rearing and regenerating forests, especially watershed forests, mangrove forests, and coastal protection forests; effectively implement the Project on planting 1 billion trees in the period of 2021 - 2025 according to Decision 524/QD-TTg dated April 1, 2021 of the Prime Minister.
- Integrate solutions to respond to climate change in strategies, master plans, plans, programs and projects on environmental protection. Building technical infrastructure for environmental protection to withstand the impacts of climate change.
b) Develop renewable energy, clean fuel, strengthen integrated solid waste management, protect and develop ecosystems to reduce emissions and increase greenhouse gas absorption capacity
- Promote the development of renewable energy, use clean fuels, use unburnt construction materials, are environmentally friendly, gradually limit the development of coal-fired power plants; control ozone-depleting substances from production and consumption activities.
- Developing and applying circular economy models, implementing integrated solid waste management; promote waste reduction, reuse, recycling, treatment/disposal in combination with energy recovery, and minimize solid waste burial; control and reduce methane emissions from solid waste landfills.
- Develop and replicate low-carbon economic development models, livelihood models associated with biodiversity conservation, and development of natural ecosystems.
- Implement the National Program on GHG emission reduction through limiting forest loss and degradation; conservation, enhancement of carbon stocks and sustainable management of forest resources (REDD+ Program) to 2030 approved in Decision No. 419/QD-TTg dated April 5, 2017 of the Prime Minister.
III. Strategic implementation solutions
1. Renovating thinking of all levels and branches; raising awareness, awareness of environmental protection of businesses, communities and people
- Disseminate and raise awareness of all levels and sectors about the view that "environment is a condition, foundation and prerequisite for sustainable socio-economic development" according to Conclusion No. 56- KL/TW dated August 23, 2019 of the Politburo on continuing to implement the Resolution of the 7th Central Committee, term XI on proactively responding to climate change, strengthening natural resource management and protecting the environment. Gradually change awareness and thinking of all levels and sectors about the role of environmental protection in development policy making.
- Clearly define the responsibilities of all levels and sectors, especially local authorities, for environmental protection; include environmental protection criteria in evaluating the work results of the head. Organize the assessment and rating of local environmental protection results.
- Strengthen education on environmental ethics, love for nature, build a culture of environmental protection of Vietnamese people. Bringing environmental protection into education programs at all levels and training levels; promote training in environmental disciplines; building advanced and typical models of environmental protection in educational institutions.
- Promote the sense of compliance with the law and well implement social responsibility for the environment of enterprises. Raising awareness and understanding about circular economy, green economy, low carbon economy; encourage businesses to implement voluntary environmental standards and commitments. Carry out annual evaluation and ranking of businesses with sustainable development.
- Continue to promote environmental communication on the mass media; strengthen and bring into play the strengths of new communication technologies, social networks, online forums... Raise awareness, turn awareness into action on environmental protection of the population. Forming and developing a green lifestyle, complying with legal regulations on environmental protection, especially in waste management and environmental sanitation.
- Discover, set an example, reward in a timely manner, create movements, replicate good examples and models of environmental protection; continue to review and award the Vietnam Environment Award periodically.
- Raise awareness about gender equality and children's rights in the field of environment; strengthen the role and position of women in environmental protection.
2. Continue to perfect the system of policies and laws on environmental protection in line with market economy institutions
- Review and amend the Law on Biodiversity in 2008, the Law on natural resources and environment of sea and islands in 2015 and related laws; develop guiding documents for the implementation of the Law on Environmental Protection 2020. Research and test new policies; continue to improve the law on environmental protection of air, water, land, solid waste management, efficient use of resources and response to climate change.
- Create mechanisms and policies to develop markets for environmental goods and services, exchange markets for emissions quotas, carbon credits, etc. Review and finalize taxes, fees, and service prices, environmental services; establishing and completing mechanisms for environmental escrow, payment for ecosystem services, biodiversity compensation...
- Review, amend and complete mechanisms and policies for incentives and support for environmentally friendly production, business and service activities and ecological products; support activities to treat and improve environmental pollution. Develop and implement regulations on green procurement.
- Formulate and implement the National Environmental Protection Planning, National Biodiversity Conservation Planning, and environmental protection components in national, regional and provincial plans.
- Completing the system of standards and technical regulations on the environment towards approaching developed countries. Localities, especially Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, are encouraged to apply stricter technical regulations than the national environmental technical regulations.
3. Completing the organizational structure, speeding up the reform of administrative procedures in environmental protection
- Continue to consolidate the organizational apparatus of the system of environmental management agencies from central to local levels to ensure consistency, professionalism, and effective and efficient operation. Review and overcome overlaps, inadequacies and conflicts in functions and tasks, clearly delineating responsibilities for state management of the environment among ministries, branches, central and local governments.
- Promote decentralization, increase the responsibility of local authorities for environmental protection, and at the same time strengthen the capacity of provincial, district and commune governments, strengthen linkages between regions and localities in environmental protection.
- Promote reform and simplification of administrative procedures on the environment in the direction of improving the effectiveness and efficiency of state management while minimizing legal risks and compliance costs for people and businesses. Gradually transform the management method in the direction of reducing "pre-inspection", increasing "after-inspection", improving the proactiveness and self-responsibility for environmental protection of enterprises.
4. Strengthen enforcement of policies and laws on environmental protection
- Review, amend and supplement administrative sanctions in the direction of increasing fine levels; amend, supplement and complete regulations and carry out criminal handling of environmental crimes.
- Strengthen inspection and supervision of production and business establishments with high risk of causing environmental pollution, and apply an irregular inspection mechanism when there are signs of violations. Promote effective coordination between inspection agencies and the environmental police force.
- Strengthen the provision, publicity and transparency of information in environmental management to the community, and at the same time improve the accountability of environmental managers at all levels.
- Strengthen the supervision of the community, the Vietnam Fatherland Front, organizations, individuals and media agencies for environmental protection; develop and apply digital platforms, social networks, hotlines... to promote environmental monitoring.
- Develop and implement a mechanism to settle complaints, denunciations and disputes about the environment, and a mechanism for determining responsibility for compensation for environmental damage.
- Strengthen environmental management capacity in enterprises and industrial zones and clusters.
5. Mobilizing investment from the society, gradually increasing budget expenditure, improving the efficiency in using resources on environmental protection
- Review, amend and complete mechanisms and policies to mobilize investment from non-budget sources for environmental protection, regulations on bidding for environmental public services. Strongly deploying public-private partnership (PPP) forms, promoting the participation of private enterprises, implementing equitization of state-owned enterprises in environmental protection.
- Increase spending from the state budget on environmental protection, ensuring a gradual increase according to the country's economic growth rate; reviewing, amending and finalizing budget expenditures, giving priority to strengthening management capacity and solving key and urgent environmental issues.
- To gradually form and develop a capital market for environmental protection; develop and complete regulations and standards on green credit and green bonds. Promoting the role of the Vietnam Environmental Protection Fund, encouraging the establishment of private funds to finance environmental protection initiatives of the community.
- Promulgate mechanisms and policies to promote the development of industry and environmental services strong enough to deal with environmental problems. Focus on developing capacity to provide environmental services, especially recycling, waste treatment, and environmental pollution treatment.
- Actively and proactively propose projects on environmental protection to attract investment resources from financial funds, international organizations and countries around the world.
- Establish mechanism, develop criteria and process for selecting projects on environmental protection, green growth, response to climate change to ensure consistency, synchronization and efficiency.
6. Strongly applying science and technology, promoting innovation and digital transformation; building technical infrastructure, monitoring network and database on environment
- Promote innovation and digital transformation; improve, transform technology, apply the best available techniques (BAT), high technology in industries and fields.
- Effectively apply the achievements of science and technology, industrial revolution 4.0, information technology, remote sensing and modern technologies in management, monitoring, inspection, supervision, monitoring and environmental warnings; promote the provision of online public services for environmental administrative procedures.
- Developing technical infrastructure for wastewater collection and treatment; collect, store, transport, reuse, recycle and treat solid waste and hazardous waste synchronously, efficiently, without causing environmental pollution.
- Formulate and implement the National Environmental Monitoring Master Plan for the period of 2021 - 2030; develop national, local and enterprise environmental monitoring networks in a modern and synchronous manner. Implement national, sectoral and local environmental quality and biodiversity monitoring programs, focusing on key economic zones, areas with high concentration of waste sources, and environmentally sensitive areas. .
- Building a unified, synchronous, updated, shared and interconnected environmental database between all levels and sectors; ensure that environmental information is provided in a timely manner. Step by step transforming and digitizing databases and environmental information.
- Continue to promote research and application of science and technology in environmental protection; invest in facilities and human resources for research institutes, universities, and environmental consulting units.
7. Promote international cooperation on environmental protection in the context of deep integration of the economy
- Actively participate in negotiations and organize the implementation of commitments in international treaties on the environment to which Vietnam is a member, especially in issues of climate change, biodiversity, waste. ocean plastic...; implementation of the Project that Vietnam actively prepares and participates in the development of a Global Agreement on Ocean Plastic Pollution approved in Decision No. 1407/QD-TTg dated August 16, 2021 of the Prime Minister. Strengthen bilateral and multilateral cooperation; promote the implementation of cooperation agreements and international projects on environmental protection.
- Taking advantage of opportunities of extensive international integration, implementing commitments in free trade agreements (FTAs) to promote environmental protection. Apply technical barriers to prevent negative environmental impacts from the integration process.
- Focusing on cooperation with neighboring countries and in the region on transboundary environmental issues such as protection of water environment, marine environment, air environment, ocean plastic waste management, safety radioactive, nuclear, controlled hunting, illegal wildlife trade and invasive alien species.
IV. Key programs, plans and projects
1. Program of communication, awareness raising, and innovation of thinking on response to climate change, resource management and environmental protection.
2. National science and technology program on environmental protection, resource management and response to climate change.
3. Program to strengthen environmental monitoring capacity up to 2030.
4. National plan on air environment quality management.
5. Project on capacity building for domestic solid waste management in Vietnam.
6. Program on investment and renovation of water drainage systems and daily-life wastewater treatment works in urban areas of grade V or higher.
7. Develop a plan to manage surface water quality for inter-provincial rivers and lakes, which play an important role in socio-economic development and environmental protection in each period.
8. Project on environmental pollution treatment of craft villages by 2030.
9. Plan to treat, renovate and restore areas with particularly serious soil environment pollution.
10. Program on environmental protection in agricultural production to 2030.
11. Program on environmental protection of natural heritages.
12. Program to restore degraded natural ecosystems by 2030.
V. Plan, resources and organization to implement the Strategy
1. The plan to develop key programs, plans and projects of the Strategy is implemented according to Appendix II.
2. Funding sources for the implementation of the Strategy include the state budget, investment sources of enterprises, the private sector, the community and foreign capital.
3. Assign responsibility for the implementation of the Strategy
a) The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment is the focal point for unified state management of environmental protection and is responsible for presiding over and coordinating ministries, branches and localities in the implementation of objectives, tasks and solutions, legislation and key programs, plans and projects of the Strategy.
b) Ministry of Planning and Investment and Ministry of Finance shall coordinate with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment in balancing and allocating capital from the state budget and other capital sources to effectively implement the contents of the Strategy.
c) Ministries and ministerial-level agencies, within the ambit of their tasks and powers, are responsible for implementing the objectives, tasks and solutions; formulate and submit to the Prime Minister for approval and organize the effective implementation of key programs, plans and projects of the Strategy.
d) People's Committees of provinces and centrally run cities are responsible for organizing the implementation of objectives, tasks and solutions; coordinate in the implementation of key programs, plans and projects of the Strategy in the locality. Provincial-level People's Councils shall allocate capital from local budgets to implement the contents of the Strategy within the responsibilities of localities according to regulations on decentralization of the state budget.
Vietnam Fatherland Front, Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry, socio-political organizations, socio-professional organizations, media agencies, businesses and responsible people participate in environmental protection, organize policy review and monitor environmental protection activities.
4. Monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the Strategy
a) Ministries, ministerial-level agencies, People's Committees of provinces and centrally run cities are responsible for supervising, examining and summarizing the implementation of environmental protection objectives, tasks and solutions in the period. the fields and areas under their management responsibility, and integrate them in the annual report on environmental protection as prescribed, and send them to Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment for synthesis.
b) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment is responsible for inspecting, supervising, urging and synthesizing the implementation of the Strategy; annual report on environmental protection work nationwide; organize a 5-year preliminary review, a 10-year summary of the implementation of the Strategy, and report to the Prime Minister.

Source: Vitic/ thuvienphapluat.vn